采用高速电火花线切割机床在铜表面构筑复合粗糙结构,经自组装技术处理后得到了超疏水铜表面.结果表明,高速电火花线切割机床在铜表面构筑陨石坑-突起-鳞片-气孔-颗粒复合粗糙结构,该复合结构形成了“气垫”效应,实现了超疏水功能,表面静态接触角达153.73°,滚动角为2.33°.研究了脉冲宽度对表面疏水性能的影响,结果表明,脉冲宽度对铜表面复合粗糙结构的形貌和水滴在表面的接触状态都有十分重要的影响.随着脉冲宽度的增加,铜表面陨石坑直径随之增大,陨石坑深度减小,单位面积内的突起物数量随之减少.微观结构的变化导致水滴在铜表面的接触状态由Cassie模型向Wenzel模型转变.胶带剥离试验表明超疏水铜表面具有良好的耐用性,剥离后的试件具有良好的可修复性和时间稳定性.
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