研究了不同成分的Fe-Cu二元合金在过饱和固溶体状态下晶粒尺寸和硬度之间的关系,分析了Cu元素的固溶强化作用.研究了Fe-Cu二元合金的时效硬化现象和Cu元素的析出过程.结果表明Fe-Cu二元合金硬度值增加近一倍.通过透射电镜观察到随时效时间的增加,析出相的尺寸逐渐增大,形状由球形变为棒状.电子衍射花样分析得知,时效处理硬度达到最大值时对应的析出相具有B2型晶体结构,与基体之间保持平行位向关系.透射电镜观察到位错与析出相之间存在典型的引力型交互作用,由于软析出相对运动位错的钉扎效应而使Fe-Cu二元合金得到有效强化.
The relationship between the grain size and hardness for binary Fe-Cu alloys with different chemical compositions was investigated under the condition of supersaturation. The solid solution hardening of Cu element in the binary Fe-Cu alloys has been investigated in this study. The aging hardening phenomenon and precipitation behavior have been investigated for Fe-Cu binary alloys. Results show that the hardness of Fe-Cu alloys is almost doubled by aging treatment. TEM observation reveals that with prolonging the aging time, the size of the precipitates increases, and the morphology of the precipitates changes from spherical shape to bar-like shape. The electron diffraction analyses show that the precipitate of Cu is of B2 crystal structure corresponding to the peak aging condition. The B2 precipitates keep parallel lattice orientation relationship with the Fe matrix. The observation of interaction between dislocation and precipitates by TEM shows that there exists a typical attractive interaction between the moving dislocation and precipitates. The pinning-up of moving dislocation by soft precipitates prevents the movement of dislocation during deformation and provides strengthening in Fe-Cu binary alloys.
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