利用SDS-环己烷-异辛醇-水、AOT-环己烷-水和AOT-十二烷-水等3种微乳体系分别制备纳米银溶胶,利用紫外-可见光谱和透射电镜对形成粒子进行表征,进而探讨纳米银粒子的形成机制.3种体系中纳米银的共振吸收强度依次减小,半峰宽依次增大,最大吸收波长分别为400,428和435 nm;形成粒子均为球形结构,无团聚现象,但粒子的平均粒度和粒度分布存在明显的差异;3种体系中形成粒子的平均粒度分别为6.46,4.03和1.78 nm.微乳体系中球形胶束为纳米银的形成提供一种独特的微观环境,但由于碰撞导致团聚,微乳液中形成粒子的粒度与形貌和胶束的尺寸和形状并不完全一致,实际形成的纳米银粒子具有一定的粒度分布宽度.
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