通过激光表面织构化加工方法在铝合金表面制备出一种微米尺度的特殊凹坑结构,利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、超景深三维显微镜观测表面形貌;用接触角测量仪表征液滴在表面的润湿特性;通过高温稳定性、低温抗结冰实验和自清洁实验研究表面的温度特性和自清洁特性.结果表明:表面由规则有序的凹坑结构排列组成,且各凹坑带有一定的凸肩结构.表面对水滴的静态接触角最高达到154.6°,滚动角小于5.2°;对甘油的接触角最高达到150.3°,滚动角小于8.7°.超疏水表面在抗结冰和自清洁方面表现出优异的性能,为表面在油、水或两者的混合介质等领域内的应用提供一定的参考.
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