采用溶剂热法制备了长径比可控的纤锌矿CdS纳米棒;以3CdSO4·8H2O、CH4 N2S为原料在180℃、24 h溶剂热反应条件下,通过改变Cd/S物质的量比和保温时间等因素来调节CdS纳米棒的长径比.利用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、紫外可见吸收光谱(UV-Vis)、光催化分别对其形貌、结构和光催化性能进行了表征和分析.结果表明:Cd/S摩尔比对CdS棒的生长起到关键作用,随着镉硫比的减小,CdS纳米棒的长径比逐渐增大.当Cd/S摩尔比为1∶6时,制备的CdS为长径比较大且表面光滑的纳米棒,纳米棒的尺寸大约为长800 nm、直径70nm.通过降解亚甲基蓝溶液测试了CdS纳米材料的可见光照射下的光催化性能,结果表明具有大长径比的CdS纳米棒表现出优异的光催化活性.
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