研究了TiNiSn基Half-Heusler热电化合物的机械合金化(MA)结合放电等离子体烧结(SPS)制备工艺.实验以Ti、Ni、Sn单质粉末为原料,研究了MA和SPS过程中的化学反应与相组成的变化以及所制备的块体材料的电学性能,获得以下主要结果:(1)MA处理后的粉末经过SPS固化后可转变为TiNiSn化合物,但是MA难以直接合成TiNiSn化合物粉末,其原因在于Ni和Sn在球磨过程中较容易生成化合物Ni_3Sn_4;(2)优化MA时间和适量增加Ti的含量有利于提高SPS样品中的TiNiSn化合物含量,本研究获得的TiNiSn相纯度高达90%;(3)最佳条件下制备的TiNiSn化合物块体材料呈n型,测试范围内其功率因子最高可达到1380 mW/m·K~2.
The fabrication of TiNiSn-based Half-Heusler thermoelectric compound by mechanical alloying (MA) and spark plasma sintering (SPS) was investigated. Pure titanium, nickel and tin powders were used as starting materials. Phase transitions in MA and SPS processes were studied as well as the electrical properties of the bulk material. The results are as follows: (1) TiNiSn compound can not be synthesized directly from the starting materials through MA in our experiment due to the easy formation of Ni_3Sn_4 in the MA process, but such powder derived from MA can form TiNiSn compound in the following SPS. (2) Proper milling time and optimal titanium content can improve the TiNiSn content of the bulk material, and the purity of the bulk material reaches 90%. (3) The TiNiSn bulk material synthesized under the optimal condition shows n-type semiconductivity. In the measured temperature range, its power factor reaches 1380 mW/m·K~2.
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