基于酯基链长的微小变化,采用两步法设计合成两个含酯基吡啶类离子液体1-乙酸甲酯基-3-甲基吡啶六氟磷酸盐[MeMPy][PF6](记IL1)和1-乙酸乙酯基-3-甲基吡啶六氟磷酸盐[EAMPy][PF6](记IL2).采用溶剂挥发法在混合溶剂体系中获得6.5 mm IL1和8.0 mm IL2大单晶体,酯基链由乙酸甲酯基微变为乙酸乙酯基,其晶体结构及超分子结构的形成具有显著的变化.晶体学数据研究表明,IL1属于三斜晶系,空间群为P1,其晶胞参数为a=0.8754(3) nm,b =0.8780(3) nm,c=1.0551(6) nm,z=2等.IL2属于正交晶系,空间群为P2(1)2(1)2(1),其晶胞参数为a=0.7127(17) nm,b=1.2792(3) nm,c=1.5327(3) nm,z=4等.随着酯基链的增长,分子结构空间位阻发生了变化,IL2中亚甲基和吡啶环上的甲基均参与超分子空间网络形成,改变了晶体堆积的空间点阵和性质.进一步实验验证表明,酯基链较长的IL2熔点较高,热稳定性较差,然而阳离子结构的微小变化对其离子导电活性的影响相对较小.
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