壳聚糖是一种具有生物相容性、无毒性、抑菌性等诸多优良性能的成膜材料,吸附性的壳聚糖微滤(MF)膜和超滤(UF)膜已在废水污染物的分离方面展示出巨大的应用潜力.但是,壳聚糖膜的机械性能较差、遇酸易水解等缺点限制了它的应用范围.基于壳聚糖分子表面含有丰富的羟基、氨基等活性基团而易于改性的特点,近年来研究人员采用多种方法改变壳聚糖的化学组成及其表面性质,以便使壳聚糖膜适合特定的应用需要.对在废水处理领域有特殊应用的5种改性壳聚糖膜(交联壳聚糖膜、壳聚糖季铵盐复合膜、壳聚糖共混膜、有机-无机杂化壳聚糖膜、香草醛改性壳聚糖膜)的制备方法、原理和应用效果进行了综述,并提出了进一步研究的方向.
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