利用压铸工艺将液态镁和固态铝液?固复合是一种镁/铝异种材料焊接的新工艺。镁/铝异种活性金属液?固连接的难点首先是固态铝合金属表面存在一层氧化膜，阻碍镁/铝异种活性金属之间形成冶金结合，其次是镁/铝液固复合过程中无法避免地形成大量的金属间化合物，这些脆性相极大地破坏了界面的力学性能。对铝合金表面进行氧化膜去除工艺，并在此基础上，利用自制的液固双金属复合装置将液态镁镧中间合金与经过表面处理的固态铝合金进行液固复合。研究镁合金中的稀土La对镁铝液固扩散连接界面组织及性能的影响。结果表明：镁合金中加入稀土La后，镁铝扩散连接界面处的β-Mg 17 Al 12变少、变细，铸态晶粒细化；大部分La与Al结合生成高熔点、高热稳定性的稀土相Al 11 La 3相；当镁合金中含有1%(质量分数)稀土La时，界面可达到最大的抗剪强度88.5MPa。
Die-casting is a new magnesium/aluminum dissimilar welding process via casting liquid Mg alloy onto the solid Al alloy substrate. The difficulty of liquid?solid connection of magnesium/aluminum is the nature oxide layer on the solid Al alloy substrate surface that usually prevents metallurgical bonding between the magnesium and aluminum. During this process, the formation of some intermetallic compounds with a high hardness and brittleness over the interface would deteriorate the mechanical property of materials. The process of removing the oxide layer on solid Al substrate surface was investigated, and on this basis, the melt magnesium alloy was cast onto the solid aluminum alloy A390 by using home-made liquid-solid bimetal composite device. The effect of La on the structures and properties of the liquid-solid diffusion bonding interface of Mg/Al was researched. The results indicate that after adding the rare earth La into the magnesium alloys, β-Mg 17 Al 12 at the interface of magnesium aluminum diffusion bonding gradually becomes less and thinner, and the cast grain is gradually refined. Most of La and Al combine to generate high melting point and high heat stability of rare earth phase-Al 11 La 3 phase. When the magnesium alloys contain 1%rare earth La, the maximal shearing strength of the interface can achieve 88.5 MPa.
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