为了提高2024铝合金的表面硬度和耐磨损性能,采用微弧氧化法在Na2zrF6-KOH溶液中使2024铝合金表面形成氧化物陶瓷膜.分别用扫描电镜、电子探针及X射线衍射研究了陶瓷膜的组织形貌、元素分布和相组成.结果表明:随氧化时间的增加,阴阳极电压逐渐增加,且阴极电压低于阳极电压;厚约20μm的膜可分为致密层与琉松层;相对致密均匀的膜层主要由α-Al2O3,γ-Al2O3和少量的非晶相物质组成:电解液所含元素zr,进入到膜层中,表明电解液组元剧烈参与微弧氧化反应;陶瓷膜的平均硬度约为16 GPa,分布在距界面10μm附近.
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