采用热化学气相沉积法(thermal chemical vapor deposition,TCVD)在经过高温氨气处理后的硅基铁纳米薄膜表面实现片状碳纳米带的催化生长.通过场发射扫描电子显微镜(field emission scanning electron microscopy,FESEM)的观察可知,生成的碳材料是一种准二维材料,表面具有垂直于其长度方向的纹理,厚(z方向)约几十纳米,宽(Y方向)几百纳米,类似于一种"搓板"状的结构.而其宽度沿着其长度方向则有较大的变化,时宽时窄,没有固定的规律.这种带状碳纳米纤维材料的边缘光滑,比中间略宽,类似于一种镶边结构.通过高分辨透射电子显微镜(high resolution transmission electron microscopy,HRTEM)的观察可知,碳纳米带的碳层沿着垂直于碳纳米带长度的(002)方向有统一的排列,其边缘都弯曲折叠成封闭结构.有序排列的碳层被层错和断点分割成许多微区.在对催化剂研究的基础上,本文认为片状碳纳米带的生长是通过碳原子在片层状催化剂颗粒中的扩散、析出来实现的.碳层从催化剂片层侧面中一层一层地析出,形成带状外观.
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