分别以Sn4+和Sn2+为促进剂,钛酸丁酯为主要原料,在80 ℃下通过强迫水解法制备了纳米TiO2颗粒.利用X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、拉曼光谱(Raman)、透射电镜(TEM)和紫外-可见漫反射光谱(DRS)对产物进行表征.考察了不同酸度下Sn4+和Sn2+对TiO2晶化过程的影响,结果表明:引入Sn4+后,在合适的酸度条件下回流50 min后即可获得锐钛矿结构TiO2,TEM观察表明其晶粒粒径约为5 nm左右.紫外-可见漫反射谱分析表明:加入Sn4+或Sn2+所制备的两种粒子,其吸收带边同体相材料相比向短波方向移动.机理分析认为产物的结构主要取决于水解时的酸度,Sn离子主要起到降低成核表面能垒、促进晶核形成的作用.
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