选择性激光烧结(SLS)/熔融(SLM)技术作为增材制造技术的重要分支,在成形复杂结构件、缩短零件加工时间和降低成本等方面展现出巨大优势,而陶瓷作为极具应用潜力的材料,在汽车、医疗及航空航天等领域发挥巨大的应用前景.采用SLS/SLM成形陶瓷材料,在弥补和克服传统加工工艺不足的同时为陶瓷零件的制造提供了新的思路.本文从材料、成形质量及性能等方面详细综述了国内外陶瓷材料SLS/SLM技术发展状态和研究水平,对比不同陶瓷材料,重点针对氧化锆、氧化铝成形特点及面临的问题进行阐述,阐明了目前陶瓷SLS/SLM成形中存在的亟待解决的关键性问题,并深入分析了SLS/SLM成形工艺参数如粉末粒度和形貌、激光能量密度、扫描速度、温度场及后处理工艺对SLS/SLM成形件质量和性能的影响作用.
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