建立了一种不同催化剂含量下以无定形硼粉、活性碳粉、九水硝酸铁(催化剂)和尿素为原料的共沉淀-退火两步反应制备BN纳米管的方法.研究发现:催化剂含量的变化会影响BN纳米管的形貌和产量.当催化剂含量较低(摩尔比Fe(NO3)3/B=0.05)时,只有少量的竹节状纳米管生成,无颗粒存在,纳米管的平均直径约100nm.随着催化剂含量的升高(摩尔比Fe(NO3)3/B=0.1),纳米管的产量也升高,但有少量的颗粒形成,纳米管的平均直径仍然为约100nm.而当催化剂含量变得更高(摩尔比Fe(NO3)3/B=0.2)时,纳米管表面沉积着一层纳米片,管径升至250nm以上,同时颗粒也增多.分析表明纳米管的生长机理为气-液-固(VLS)生长机制.
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