聚变堆结构材料极易因α粒子和中子辐照引入大量的He原子而脆化,降低核设施的稳定性和安全性,因此必须提高材料的抗氦脆能力.添加合金元素法是一种有效抑制金属中氦脆的方法.然而,合金元素对金属中的氦脆抑制效果受到原子占位情况、原子尺寸大小、浓度、温度等因素影响.因此,掺杂合金元素时必须考虑合金元素的种类和含量,并辅以一定的热处理.回顾了掺杂合金元素法抑制金属中氦脆的研究进展,简要分析了影响合金元素在金属中氦行为角色的因素.
Structural materials in fusion reactor are easily embrittled by He atoms produced from α particles and neutron irradiation,resulting in the degradation of stability and safety in nuclear facilities. Thus,it is necessary to improve the ability of helium embrittlement resistance in materials. Doping alloying elements is an effective method for helium embrittlement resistance. However,the resistant effect will be influenced by site occupancy,atomic size,concentration of alloying elements,temperature and so on. Therefore,the species and amount must be taken into consideration in doping alloying elements,and some thermal treatment should also be supplemented. The research progress of helium embrittlement resistance by doping alloying elements method is reviewed,and the influence factors of the role of alloying elements in helium behaviors in metals are also simply analyzed.
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