用浸渍法与化学镀法制备了“Pd／SiO2／陶瓷”复合膜，考察了制备方法对钯复合膜性能（选择性透氢性能和在常压下对甲醇脱氢制甲酸甲酯反应的催化活性）的影响．研究表明，“SiO2／陶瓷”底膜的质量影响“Pd／SiO2／陶瓷”复合膜的性能，在浸渍法与化学镀法制备钯表面膜的过程中，它们的成膜机理是不相同的．用同一“SiO2／陶瓷”底膜，化学镀法制备的钯复合膜比浸渍法制备的膜具有更优异的性能．用浸渍法制备的钯膜在150℃可对H2／N2和H2／甲醇混合气实行全分离．对于甲醇脱氢制甲酸甲酯的反应（100℃），化学镀法制备的钯膜比浸渍法制备的钯膜具有较高的甲醇转化率和较低的甲酸甲酯选择性．用SEM、XRD测定了钯复合膜的形貌和结构，对两种方法制备的钯复合膜间的差异进行了讨论．
The preparation of Pd composite membrane (Pd-CM) by impregnation or electroless plating was studied. The permeaselectivity to hydrogen and the catalytic activity
for the dehydrogenation of methanol to methy1 formate (MeF) of “Pd/SiO2/ceramic?” membranes were measured. The results show that the quality of “SiO2/ceramic
” substrate membrane has an influence on the properties of “Pd/SiO2/ceramic?”. In the process of preparing Pd-CM, the growing mechanism of Pd surface membrane
in impregnation method is different with that in electroless plating method. When the same “SiO2/ceramic” is used as a substrate membrane, the Pd-CM prepared
by electroless planting has a good behavior than by impregnation. Hydrogen in mixture gases of N2/H2 or H2/CH3OH, can be separated completely with the Pd-CM
prepared by impregnation at 150℃. For the topic reaction at 100℃, the higher conversion of methanol and lower selectivity to product MeF can be obtained
in the Pd-CM reactor prepared by electroless plating than that by impregnation. The Pd-CM was also characterized by SEM, XRD and the structure difference between two
Pd-CMs prepared with different methods was discussed.
参考文献
| [1] | Amor J N, et al. CHEMTEECH, 1992. 557--563 2 Uemiya S, et al. Chem. Lett., 1988. 1687--1690 3 Uemiya S, Kikuchi E, et al. J. Mem. Sci., 1991, 56: 315 4 Lu G, Shen S, Wang R. Catal. Today, 1996, 30: 41 5 莫珣桦, 卢冠忠. 第七届全国石油化工催化会仪论文摘要集. 上海: 1996. 123--124 6 Iwasa N, Akazawa T, Ohyama S, et al. J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun., 1991, (18): 1322--1323 |
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