固定CuO(0.4%)和TiO_2(4%)的添加量、改变TiO_2(0-32%)和CuO(0-3.2%)的添加量(质量分数,下同),研究了CuO-TiO_2复合助剂对氧化铝陶瓷烧结性能、微观结构,物相组成以及烧结激活能的影响,以揭示复合助剂的低温烧结机理.结果表明,在1150-1200℃TiO_2固溶入Al_2O_3生成Al_2Ti_7O_(15)相,并生成大量正离子空位提高了扩散系数,从而以固相反应烧结的作用机理促进了氧化铝陶瓷的致密化;TiO_2在Al_2O_3中的极限固溶度为2%-4%,超过固溶极限的TiO_2对陶瓷烧结没有促进作用;添加适量的CuO(0.4%)可将TiO_2在Al_2O_3中的固溶温度降低到1100℃以下,并以液相润湿作用促进氧化铝陶瓷的致密烧结.陶瓷烧结激活能的计算结果定量地印证了上述烧结机理;当在Al_2O_3中添加4%的TiO_2和2.4%的CuO,可将烧结激活能降低到54.15 kJ·mol~(-1).
The effects of CuO and TiO_2 additives on the sintering behavior, microstructure, phase composition, sintering activation energy and the mechanism of lowering the sintering temperature of Al_2O_3 ceramics have been investigated. The TiO_2 began to dissolve into Al_2O_3 and formed Al_2Ti_7O_15solid solution at the sintering temperature of 1150-1200 ℃, and the diffusion coefficient improved largely with the augment of Al~(3+) vacancy concentration, which was the essential reason why the sintering process of Al_2O_3 ceramic had been promoted by the TiO_2 addition. However, the solid solubility limit of TiO_2 was 2%-4% (mass fraction), and it was unuseful for lowering the sintering temperature of Al_2O_3 ceramic by doping superfluous TiO_2. The temperature of TiO_2 dissolved into Al_2O_3 could be lowed down to 1100 ℃ with the addition of 0.4% CuO, which was effective to promote the sintering process of Al_2O_3 ceramic. The sintering activation energy of alumina ceramic doped with different CuO-TiO_2 was consistent with the above results. The sintering activation energy of Al_2O_3 ceramic was reduced to 54.15 kJ·mo1~(-1) by adding 4% TiO_2 and 2.4% CuO.
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