基于对材料断裂的物理本质分析,提出断裂决定于应力第一不变量I1的理论假设,并给出相应的断裂准则,即材料局部区域的应力第一不变量I1达到一临界值Ib时,断裂开始发生,定义该临界值Ib为断裂强度,用单轴拉伸试验可以确定材料的断裂强度Ib.利用该断裂准则与Mises屈服准则,四种基本力学行为判据是:(1)弹性变形σmises＜σy,I1＜Ib;(2)塑性变形σmises ≥σy,I1＜Ib;(3)脆性断裂σmises＜σy,I1≥Ib;(4)塑性断裂σmises≥σy,I1≥Ib.
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