以无水乙醇为溶剂,从海娜花中提取天然染料,用其作为敏化剂制备了纳米TiO2太阳能电池.采用高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测器(HPLC-DAD)对天然染料组成进行分析,用紫外-可见(UV-Vis)吸收光谱对不同pH值下的海娜花染料进行测试,并对其敏化的纳米TiO2太阳电池进行光电性能分析.结果表明:海娜花天然染料主要成分为指甲花醌、木犀草素,次要成分为类胡萝卜素、叶绿素a及芹菜素等;在中性(原始pH值)条件下,在可见光区约420 nm、470 nm、670 nm处有吸收峰,在紫外光区约340 nm处有吸收峰;在碱性条件下,由于指甲花醌、木犀草素、芹菜素等酚羟基质子解离,紫外吸收峰发生红移并且吸收强度增加;在酸性条件下叶绿素a失去卟啉环中的镁成为脱镁叶绿素,主要吸收峰都在420 nm和670 nm左右;在pH =5时,海娜花天然染料作为敏化剂制备的纳米TiO2太阳能电池的光电性能比较好,开路电压为0.39 V、短路电流密度为0.66 mA·cm-2、填充因子为0.60、光电转换效率为0.15％,400nm处IPCE为1.7％.
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