研究了采用次磷酸钠作还原剂在涤纶织物上化学镀铜.分别采用X射线衍射 (XRD) 、扫描电镜(SEM)和能谱议(EDAX)分析化学镀铜层的晶体结构、表面形貌和镀层成分.分别用四探针法(ASTM F 390) 和双轴传输线法(ASTM D 4935-99) 测量导电涤纶织物的表面电阻和电磁屏蔽效能.化学镀铜溶液的成分和操作条件对化学镀铜的沉积速度、镀层成分、结构和表面形貌具有重大的影响.化学镀铜的沉积速度随着温度、pH值和镍离子浓度的升高而加快,而且沉速度过快会导致镀层疏松.镍离子浓度的增加还导致镀层镍含量的增加从而使表面电阻明显增大.加入适量的亚铁氰化钾可以降低沉积速度,改善镀层结构和表面形貌,降低织物表面电阻.当Ni2+和K4Fe(CN)6浓度分别为0.0038mol/L和2×10-6时,可以获得最佳的化学镀铜层;当织物上铜镀层的重量为40g/m2时,在100MHz~20GHz频率范围内电磁屏蔽效能均可达到85dB以上.
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