利用扫描电镜(SEM)、广角X射线衍射(WARD)、小角X射线散射(SAXS)、拉曼(Raman)光谱、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等测试技术对热处理温度2400℃～3000℃的PAN基炭纤维的微观结构、表面形貌及化学组成进行了表征,分析了材料的微观组织结构与宏观性能的关系.结果表明:随热处理温度的升高,炭纤维的强度下降,模量升高,表面化学活性降低.表现在乱层石墨间距d002逐渐减小,平均微晶尺寸La、Lc逐渐增大,石墨化程度不断提高,微孔缺陷尺寸增大,大孔洞所占总微孔缺陷比例增加,PAN基炭纤维表面的O/C值降低.
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