通过低成本成分设计,在控制轧制的基础上,分别采用直接淬火(DQ)、直接淬火+回火(DQ+T)以及再加热淬火+回火(RQ+T)工艺成功制得了抗拉强度1500 MPa级经济型低合金高强高韧钢.对比研究了DQ、DQ +T和RQ +T3种工艺钢的微观组织和力学性能.结果表明:DQ工艺钢的微观组织为板条马氏体+少量铁素体及残留奥氏体的复相组织,其抗拉强度和屈服强度分别为1750 MPa和1300 MPa,-40℃下冲击吸收功为37 J.200℃回火1h后,试验钢位错密度降低,大量细小ε碳化物在板条内析出.DQ +T工艺钢屈服强度达到1400 MPa,-40℃下冲击功为43 J.试验钢直接淬火后再加热至880℃,获得了平均晶粒尺寸为5.7 μm的细小等轴奥氏体.相比于DQ及DQ +T工艺钢,RQ +T工艺钢获得了更高的韧性,冲击功达到56 J.研究发现,未溶的(Nb,Ti) (C,N)粒子能有效抑制奥氏体晶粒长大.组织细化及残留奥氏体是RQ +T工艺钢获得高韧性最主要的原因.
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