目的确定AZ91 D镁合金表面激光熔覆Al-Cu合金的最佳工艺参数。方法利用有限元软件ANSYS建立移动高斯热源作用下的温度场三维模型,对不同参数下激光熔覆过程中的温度场进行动态模拟,确定工艺参数。结果熔池中心的温度随着激光功率的增大而增大,随着热源移动速度和光斑直径的增大而减小。温度过高时,熔覆层下塌且内部出现裂纹；温度过低时,熔覆层上有大量的金属颗粒且内部含有夹杂物。结论当功率为240 W、扫描速度为2.5 mm/s、光斑直径为0.6 mm时,熔池中心的温度约为1100℃,熔覆层与基体接触面的温度约为700℃。在此参数下得到了表面成形光滑且与基体结合紧密的致密熔覆层。
ABSTRACT:Objective To get the optimal technological parameters for Al-Cu alloy cladded coatings on AZ91D magnesium alloy prepared by laser cladding. Methods The three-dimensional temperature field model of laser cladding under the moving GUASS heat source was established with ANSYS software. Then, the dynamic simulation of temperature field for laser cladding was conduc-ted under different technological parameters. And the technological parameters were optimized by contrasting the melting point of Al-Cu alloy and the welding pool temperature. Finally, the experimental verification was performed. Results The results showed that the temperature at the center of welding pool increased with the rise of power ( P) while decreased with the rise of the speed ( v) of heat source and the diameter( d) of facula. When the temperature was excessively high, the cladding layer was collapsed and with internal cracks. However, when the temperature was too low, the cladding layer was covered with large amount of metal particles, and there were internal inclusions. Conclusion Under the conditions of P=240 W, v=2. 5 mm/s and d=0. 6 mm, the temperature at the center of welding pool was about 1100 ℃, and the temperature at the contact surface of cladding and substrate was 700 ℃. The smooth and compact cladding layer cohesively combined with substrate was obtained by experiment with those technological parameters.
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