采用SEM及XRD技术表征经2 800℃石墨化处理的竹炭的微观结构;以石墨化竹炭为导电骨料、酚醛树脂为粘结剂、炭黑为添加剂,采用模压成型法制备石墨化竹炭/酚醛树脂复合材料;考察石墨化竹炭的粒度、酚醛树脂用量、炭黑添加方式和用量、成型压力及固化温度等工艺因素对复合材料性能的影响.结果表明:增大竹炭粉粒的粒径、增加炭黑用量和提高固化温度有利于提高复合材料的导电性,但会不同程度地影响复合材料的力学性能、显气孔率和吸水率;随着酚醛树脂用量的增加,复合材料的抗弯强度提高,导电性、吸水率和显气孔率下降;提高成型压力可同时提高复合材料的性能;制备竹炭/酚醛树脂复合材料的最佳工艺条件为竹炭粒度≤75 μm、树脂用量300%0(质量分数)、炭黑用量5%(质量分数)、成型压力280 MPa、固化温度180℃.
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