PVDF/SiO2超滤膜抗污染特性的微观作用力分析

膜科学与技术 , 2014, 34(5): 73-78.

PVDF/SiO2超滤膜抗污染特性的微观作用力分析

王欣 ^1, , 王磊 ^2, , 黄丹曦 ^3, , 孟晓荣 ^4, , 陈立成 ^5, , 王旭东 ^6,

1.西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院,西安,710055

2.西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院,西安,710055

3.西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院,西安,710055

4.西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院,西安,710055

5.西安工程大学环境与化学工程学院,西安,710048

6.西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院,西安,710055

基金项目: 陕西省科技统筹创新工程计划项目(2012KTCL03-06) 国家自然科学基金项目(51008243,51178378,51278408) 陕西省教育厅专项(2013JK0884)

关键词： PVDF超滤膜 , 纳米SiO2 , AFM , 亲水性 , 膜污染

Study on the anti-fouling properties of PVDF/SiO2 ultrafiltration membranes: micro-force analysis

Keywords： PVDF ultrafiltration membrane , nano-SiO2 , atomic force microscopy (AFM) , hydrophilicity , membrane fouling

以无机纳米粒子(SiO2)与PVDF共混,使用相转化法制得无机-有机平板超滤膜.考察了SiO2含量在1％～3％(质量分数)范围内对PVDF超滤膜的接触角、膜平均孔径及渗透性能的影响.以BSA为标准污染物,通过过滤实验评价了SiO2改性后的PVDF超滤膜的抗污染行为.通过探针修饰,以原子力显微镜(AFM)检测技术定量分析了膜污染过程中膜面与污染物相互间的微观作用力.结果表明,添加SiO2能有效改善PVDF超滤膜的亲水性能,影响膜平均孔径和渗透性能.SiO2质量分数为1％的改性超滤膜(P1膜)孔径最大,接触角最小且渗透性能最佳,膜表面和断面微观结构的SEM表征结果也进一步证实了上述结论.膜污染评价结果显示,在BSA过滤过程中,P1膜通量衰减速度慢、清洗恢复率高,抗污染性能较好.AFM数据显示,膜面与BSA间的粘附力随膜的亲水性增大而下降,并随着污染物在膜表面的累积程度逐渐下降.初步说明膜与BSA间的微观作用力是导致膜污染发生的主要原因,SiO2的添加能够有效降低膜的初期污染进而提高膜抗污染性能.

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