为探索温度可控的大功率半导体激光器作用下非平衡态的奥氏体转化温度和马氏体临界转化速度两个条件同时对中碳钢的相变硬化的作用机理,本文利用温度可控的大功率半导体直接输出激光加工系统对45钢进行温度控制模式下的激光相变硬化实验.实验表明:在相同激光相变硬化控制温度下,随着扫描速度的增加,相变硬化层深度先增加后降低.对试样的显微组织分析表明,在扫描速度较慢时,受冷却速度影响产生的激光相变硬化区成分、组织的差异是造成硬化层深度和硬度不同的原因.并基于非平衡态的奥氏体转化温度和马氏体临界转化速度为马氏体生成的判断依据,建立了基于COMSOL Multiphysics软件的三维激光相变硬化数值分析模型,探讨了温度控制模式下激光加工参数对硬化层深度的影响,与实验结果对比发现该模型能够较为准确预测温度可控的激光相变硬化层深度.
In order to research the effects of non-equilibrium austenitic transition temperature and martensitic critical transformation speed on transformation hardening of a medium-carbon steel,the laser transformation hardening experiments were conducted on a high power semiconductor laser processing system under the temperature control mode.The experimental results show that,under the same laser transformation hardening control temperature,the hardening depth increases at first and then decreases with the increase of the scanning speed.Microstructure analysis of the samples shows that the different composition and microstructure of the laser transformation hardening zone influenced by cooling rate were responsible for the property difference of the hardened layer.To analyze the effect of laser processing parameters on the hardened layer depth,a three-dimensional laser transformation hardening simulation model was built with the COMSOL Multiphysics based on the non-equilibrium austenite transformation temperature and the martensitic critical conversion rate.Comparing with the experimental results,the model can predict the laser transformation hardening layer depth in laser hardening process accurately.
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