由压电陶瓷相和聚合物相组成的压电复合材料是本世纪70年代发展起来的一种多用途功能复合材料.由于柔性聚合物相的加入,压电复合材料的密度(ρ)、声阻抗(Z)、介电常数(ε)都降低了;而复合材料的优值(dhgh)和机电耦合系数(kt)却提高了,这使压电复合材料能在水听器、生物医学成像、无损检测、传感器等诸多方面被广泛地用作换能器.本文对压电复合材料的发展、现状、展望及其性能影响因素作了概述.由于1-3型复合材料有较好的性能,所以着重叙述了它的特点.本文最后讨论了压电复合材料的设计原则.
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