采用热分析研究低品位氧化锌矿与硫酸铵的焙烧过程,考察铵矿比、焙烧温度、焙烧时间对锌提取率的影响;采用XRD分析揭示氧化锌矿中有价组元在焙烧中的反应过程和相变行为;讨论焙烧过程中发生的化学反应.结果表明:合适的反应条件为铵矿比1.4∶1、焙烧温度475℃、焙烧时间60 min;硫酸铵焙烧低品位氧化锌矿是多相反应,ZnO和ZnCO3与硫酸铵反应先生成(NH4)2Zn(SO4)2,升温后分解得到ZnSO4;铁氧化物与硫酸铵反应先生成(NH4)3Fe(SO4)3,分解得到NH4Fe(SO4)2;CaCO3和PbO在400℃以上焙烧时转化为硫酸钙和硫酸铅.
The process of roasting low grade zinc oxide ore with ammonium sulfate was studied by thermal analysis,and the influences of ratio of ammonium sulfate to zinc oxide ore,roasting temperature and roasting time on the extraction ratio of zinc oxide were investigated.The XRD analysis was adopted to illuminate the reaction process and the phases transformation behavior of the valuable compositions in zinc oxide ore.Finally,the chemical reactions occured in roasting process were discussed.The results show that appropriate reaction conditions are as follows,ratio of ammonium sulfate to zinc oxide ore of 1.4∶1,roasting temperature of 475 ℃ and roasting time of 60 min.Roasting low grade zinc oxide ore using ammonium sulfate is a multiphase process.Firstly,ZnO and ZnCO3 react with ammonium sulfate to produce (NH4)2Zn(SO4)2,which then decomposes into ZnSO4.Similarly,(NH4)3Fe(SO4)3 is first obtained,and then is decomposes into NH4Fe(SO4)2.CaSO4 forms from CaCO3 and PbO transformes into PbSO4 when reaction temperature is above 400 ℃.
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