通过滴加氨水控制Fe(Ⅱ)与Fe(Ⅲ)盐混合溶液的pH值,经共沉淀法制得了Fe3O4纳米颗粒,其平均粒径约为13nm.进而用一定量的油酸钠对其原位改性,得到了表面呈疏水性的油基Fe3O4纳米颗粒.在Fe3O4纳米颗粒和二乙烯苯(DVB)存在下,以聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)为稳定剂,乙醇/水的混合体系为反应介质,由偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)引发甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)和丙烯酸(AA)进行分散共聚,制得了PAA-PMMA交联型磁性复合微球,核内富含Fe3O4纳米颗粒,其含量可分别调整在42%~71%(质量分数)之间,改变聚合反应条件可将复合微球的粒径控制在100nm~2μm的范围内.研究发现Fe3O4纳米颗粒被PAA-PMMA包覆后,可明显延长其在盐酸中的稳定性.在外加磁场作用下该复合微球能实现快速的分离.
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