以硅溶胶为载体,通过化学还原法制备了具有超小尺寸的非晶态NiB催化剂. 采用高倍透射电镜、选区电子衍射和能量色散谱对样品的形貌和结构进行了表征. 结果表明,以硅溶胶为载体负载的非晶态NiB催化剂,其活性组分的粒径在1～2 nm, 并且活性组分Ni均匀地分布于硅溶胶载体上. 与传统的Raney Ni催化剂相比, NiB/硅溶胶表现出更为优异的催化加氢性能并极大地提高了氢化效率. 催化剂的优良活性可归因于载体硅溶胶的大表面积及其硅烷醇对活性组分的锚定功能,这使活性组分Ni以超小尺寸均匀地分散于载体上,从而使纳米粒子的表面效应得到充分发挥.
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