在0.1～0.6 MPa热压压力条件下, 制备了不同孔隙率含量的玻璃纤维布/618环氧树脂层压板试件。采用超声C扫描及烧蚀密度法测定了试件的超声衰减系数与平均孔隙率, 并通过金相显微分析对孔隙的分布、 形状及尺寸进行了表征。讨论了孔隙率对层压板拉伸、 弯曲和层间剪切性能及超声衰减系数的影响规律, 获得了使力学性能下降的临界孔隙率及衰减系数值。结果表明, 随着固化压力减小, 孔隙率从0.976%增加到5.268%, 抗拉强度、 弯曲强度和层间剪切强度均下降, 衰减系数由1.460 dB·mm^-1增加到2.150 dB·mm^-1, 使力学性能下降的临界衰减系数约为1.5 dB·mm^-1。
Glass fiber reinforced composites with different amounts of voids were prepared by applying different curing pressures (0.1~0.6 MPa). Ultrasonic C-scan and ablation density method were adopted to measure the attenuation coefficient and the average porosity. The distribution, shape and size of the voids were characterized by metallographic microscopic analysis. The effects of void content on the tensile, bending and interlaminar shear properties and the attenuation coefficient were investigated and discussed, and the critical value of void content and attenuation coefficient were also obtained. The results show that, with the decreasing of curing pressure, the voids content of specimen increases from 0.976% to 5.268%, the tensile strength, flexural strength and interlaminar shear strength decrease, the ultrasonic attenuation coefficient increases from 1.460 dB·mm^-1 to 2.150 dB·mm^-1, and the critical attenuation coefficient is about 1.5 dB·mm^-1.
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