以丙烯酸(AA)为纽带,将聚丙烯蜡(PPW)原位固相接枝在碳酸钙(CaCO3)表面,将得到的改性CaCO3与聚丙烯(PP)、三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)通过2种不同的加工混合工艺制备了PP/EPDM/CaCO3三元复合材料.研究了改性CaCO3的表面性能,并通过热力学、动力学参数预测了复合材料中可能形成的分散形态,以阐明复合材料宏观性能与微观形态的关系.结果表明,改性CaCO3表面极性降低,与PP、EPDM的相容性变好,界面张力明显降低;从热力学因素考虑,改性CaCO3更容易分散在PP相中,和EPDM形成单独分散结构;动力学因素表明,将改性CaCO3先与EPDM复合、再与PP复合的“两步法”工艺可以减缓CaCO3从EPDM中迁出而有利于形成以CaCO3为核、EPDM为壳的核-壳结构,这一结果通过电镜得到证实;核-壳结构使复合材料的各项力学性能均得到提高,尤其是在复合材料韧性方面,并且随着核-壳结构的增加,复合材料的韧性也随之增加,但这种核-壳结构不利于提高复合材料的熔体流动速率.
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