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Effects of titanium oxide (TiO2) nanoparticles on Bel-7402 human hepatoma cells and L-02 human hepatocytes at different times were observed.Using cell culture,cell growth curves of Bel-7402 cells and L-02 cells treated with TiO2 nanoparticles were examined by MTT assay,and the cellular ultrastructure was observed by an analytical transmission electron microscope (ATEM).It is found that OD value of Bel-7402 cell treated with TiO2 nanoparticles for 48-144h is obviously lower than that of control group (p<0.01).However the growth curve of L-02 cells is almost not affected by TiO2 nanoparticles.ATEM and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analyses show that there are obvious vacuoles increased heterolysosome,and particles with high electron density which are confirmed to be TiO2 nanoparticles in Bel-7402 cytoplasm.More interestingly,it is alse found that TiO2 nanoparticle obviously inhibits the proliferation of hepatoma cells by altering lysosome activity and destroying cytoplasm structure.The inhibition on proliferation of hepatocytes by TiO2 nanoparticles is much slighter.The results demonstrate that TiO2 nanoparticle has different killing effects on cancer cell and normal cell.