采用连续共沉淀和喷雾干燥成型相结合的方法,制备了实验室级和放大级微球状费托(FT)合成Fe/Cu/K/SiO2催化剂. 实验室级催化剂的颗粒尺寸为5～15 μm, 放大级催化剂的颗粒尺寸为40～60 μm. 利用低温N2物理吸附、H2程序升温还原、CO2程序升温脱附、穆斯堡尔谱和X射线衍射等表征手段考察了催化剂的织构性质、还原行为、碳化行为及物相变化. 结果表明,与实验室级催化剂相比,放大级催化剂具有较大的晶粒尺寸和孔径、较小的比表面积和较弱的表面碱性,催化剂的还原和碳化受到抑制. 浆态床FT合成反应及扫描电子显微镜结果表明,放大级催化剂经诱导期达到稳定状态后,转化率可达到实验室级催化剂的水平 ,且具有很高的稳定性、重质烃选择性及抗磨损性.
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