采用异相位电磁连铸技术,制备d290 mm×35 mm的铝合金空心管坯,研究异相位电磁场对铸锭凝固组织及表面质量的影响.结果表明:异相位电磁场通过改变金属熔体的流动状态,减少原子团簇上角隅的形成,降低熔体及凝固前沿的温度梯度等机制,可使Al熔体内产生爆发式形核,增加晶核数量,抑制枝晶生长,从而可细化、球化晶粒,改善铸锭凝固组织,避免裂纹的产生;同时,异相位电磁场通过作用于初凝壳内液态金属熔体以及初凝壳本身的电磁力,降低了结晶器与初凝壳的接触压力、减小了铸锭表面的摩擦并抑制了偏析瘤的形成,从而提高铝合金空心管坯的内外表面质量.
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