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为开发5 500m3高炉BSK顶燃式热风炉技术,对顶燃式热风炉的燃烧机制和燃烧特性进行了研究。采用CFD数学仿真模拟研究了BSK顶燃式热风炉环形陶瓷燃烧器的燃烧机制,解析了顶燃式热风炉燃烧室内气体的混合、流动以及燃烧过程,计算分析了顶燃式热风炉燃烧过程的速度场、温度场以及浓度场分布。通过对实体热风炉的冷态测试,验证了CFD数学仿真计算的结果。研究结果表明,BSK顶燃式热风炉采用旋流扩散燃烧技术使燃烧过程速度场、温度场和浓度场分布均匀对称,并可以有效控制火焰长度和火焰形状,使煤气在拱顶空间内充分燃烧。速度场、温度场和浓度场的分布与煤气和助燃空气的初始分布有直接关系。通过燃烧器喷嘴结构优化设计可以显著提高空气与煤气混合的均匀性,改善燃烧室内浓度、温度分布以及火焰形状。

In order to develop the technology of the BSK dome combustion hot blast stove equipped in 5 500m3 BF, the combustion mechanism and eharacteristic of dome combustion hot blast stove was investigated. The combustion mechanism of annular ceramic burner of BSK dome combustion hot blast stove was simulated through CFD mathe- matics simulation technology. The mixing, flow and combustion process of air and gas in dome combustion hot blast stove was analyzed, and the distribution of velocity field, temperature field and concentration field in the stove was also calculated. The calculated results by CFD mathematics simulation technology was verified through cold test on actual hot blast stove. The result shows that BSK dome combustion hot blast stove uses swirling diffusion combus- tion technology to make the distribution of velocity field, temperature field and concentration field uniformly and symmetrically, control the flame length and flame shape efficiently, as well as make the gas have sufficient in the dome. There is direct relationship of the distribution of velocity field, temperature field and concentration field with the initial distribution of gas and combustion air. Optimal design on structure of the burner nozzle is carried out so as to increase uniformity of air and gas mixing remarkably, and improve distribution of concentration and temperature as well as flame shape in the combustion chamber.