沙钢宏发炼铁厂1号高炉因炉缸侵蚀于2011年1月进行大修。炉缸内第6、7层碳砖侵蚀最严重,呈异常三角形侵蚀。通过对炉缸碳砖的分析和操作条件的模拟,发现高炉锌负荷过高和铁水环流是加剧炉缸侵蚀的主要原因。宏发高炉的锌负荷偏高,使ZnO在炉缸第6、7层碳砖中严重富集,导致碳砖导热系数下降,热膨胀系数增加,加剧碳砖的熔蚀和热应力引起的侵蚀。另外,由于原料质量和操作原因,使得宏发高炉的铁口长度较短、无焦区偏小和死料柱的透气透液性有时较差,加剧了铁水环流对炉缸的侵蚀。可以通过控制入炉锌负荷,延长铁口长度、控制死料柱的尺寸、提高焦炭质量和控制合适的喷煤比来改善炉缸的侵蚀。
No.1 BF in Hongfa Iron Making Plant was relined in Jan 2011 due to serious hearth erosion.The 6th and 7th layers carbon bricks in the hearth suffered most serious erosion,showing abnormal triangle erosion line.By analyzing the carbon bricks and simulating the operation condition of hearth,high zinc input and circumferential flow of molten iron are confirmed to be the main reasons for the accelerated hearth erosion.Zinc input to the No.1 BF in Hongfa Iron Making Plant was too high,which resulted in the decrease of thermal conductivity and increase of thermal expansion coefficient of carbon brick,and thus accelerated the melting corrosion and thermal stress erosion of carbon bricks.On the other hand,the short tapping hole,small coke free zone and low permeability of dead man caused by raw material quality and BF operation also accelerated the melting corrosion of hearth by circumferential flow of molten iron.The erosion can be improved by decreasing zinc input to BF,increasing the length of tapping hole,controlling the size of deadman,improving coke quality and selecting proper PCI.
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