众多结晶体在低温环境下呈现解理断裂，在高温环境下呈现塑性断裂在过渡温区，解理断裂的应力随温度增加而增加，反映了屈服应力的下降以及裂纹尖端区塑性的相应增加．裂尖塑性可钝化裂纹并因塑性区中的压应力而屏蔽裂纹本文简短评述了脆一韧转变模型在该模型中，计算屏蔽效应的塑性区是由位错的产生、运动和相互作用形成的，这些位错均在含裂尖的滑移面上运动，并且服从速度／应力／温度定律.对模型在实验结果中的应用也进行了讨论．
Many crystalline solids fail by cleavage at low temperatures. and by plastic processes at high temperatures. In the transition region cleavage failure occurs at stresses increasing with increasing temperature. reflecting a decrease in yield stress. and a consequent increase of plasticity around the crack tip. Crack tip plasticity blunts the crack and shields it through compressive stresses in the plastic zone. This paper gives a brief review of a model of the brittle-ductile transition in which the shielding is calculated from a plastic zone formed by the generation (from a source). motion and interaction of dislocations moving on a slip plane containing the crack tip. and obeying a velocity/stress/temperature law. The application of the model to experiments is discussed.
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