对于长期处于海水环境的钢筋混凝土结构,海水中的氯离子会扩散侵入混凝土引起钢筋腐蚀,使钢筋混凝土结构的使用寿命缩短.本文提出了基于自生长的水化模型重构混凝土的微结构,采用格子-Boltzmann方法模拟氯离子在混凝土微结构中的扩散行为.模拟结果表明:若混凝土的水灰比降低、水化程度增加,氯离子在混凝土内的等效扩散系数下降.当双电层的尺度与孔隙尺度相当时,电动效应不可忽略,由于混凝土孔隙壁面带负电,会阻碍氯离子进入孔隙内部.本研究有助于对海洋中混凝土结构的保护,提高耐久性.
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