采用静电纺丝法制备SiO2微纳米纤维膜,经六甲基硅氮烷(HMDS)改性后获得疏水/亲油特性,用FTIR、SEM、接触角等手段表征纤维膜的成分、微观形貌和对水及正十二烷的润湿性能等,研究了制备工艺对纤维膜物性参数以及润湿性能的影响,并测试了改性后纤维膜的高温稳定性和耐腐蚀性能.结果表明:SiO2微纳米纤维膜具有较多的孔隙和较高的比表面积,经HMDS改性后其表面粗糙结构结合疏水亲油的-Si(CH3)3基团使得纤维膜获得超疏水/超亲油特性,其水接触角为153.7°、水滚动接触角为8.2°、油接触角为0°;超疏水/超亲油SiO2微纳米纤维膜的最高耐受温度为450℃,最大拉伸强力为(40.7 ±9.4)×10-2N,且具有较好的耐腐蚀性能.
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