采用定向流动热梯度CVI工艺,以丙烯作炭源气,以针刺炭纤维整体毡作预制体分别研究了加氢气和氮气作载气对C/C复合材料密度和热解炭结构分布的影响.结果表明,载气对热梯度CVI C/C材料密度和热解炭结构沿径向分布的均匀性有重要影响.当其它工艺条件相同时,经过400 h的沉积,采用N2作载气时所得炭盘的平均体密度为1.54 g/cm3,炭盘密度沿径向分布的偏差△ρ为0.24 g/cm3,在炭盘的外侧易形成SL结构热解炭;而采用H2作载气时,可以得到平均体密度为1.67 g/cm3、热解炭结构分布高度均匀的全RL结构PyC基C/C复合材料,且炭盘密度沿径向分布的偏差△ρ仅为0.11 g/cm3,密度分布均匀性提高一倍以上.不管是采用N2还是H2作载气,炭盘的密度沿周向分布都十分均匀(△ρ≤0.02 g/cm3),且炭盘的较低密度部位均位于中间偏内侧.
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