采用湿法相转化法制备了聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)/聚乙烯醇(PVA)共混膜,研究了PVDF/PVA共混体系的相容性,并讨论了PVDF/PVA共混比、固含量、添加剂浓度、凝固条件与后处理对膜结构及性能的影响.结果表明,PVDF/PVA为不相容体系,在成膜过程中产生界面微孔;随PVA含量增加,PVDF/PVA共混膜水通量先增大后减小,在PVDF/PVA为8/2时呈较大值,截留率变化趋势则相反;PVA的存在明显改善了PVDF/PVA共混膜的亲水性,表现为随其含量增加共混膜接触角明显减小;随固含量增加,膜厚度增加,孔隙率降低,水通量减小,截留率升高;添加剂PEG600浓度为6%时,孔隙率高,水通量大,但截留率低;凝固浴种类直接影响膜结构及性能;热处理可完善膜结构从而获得性能更优的膜.选择适当的铸膜条件可制成较好的膜产品,而且共混膜通量明显大于各组分通量的加权,表明共混是一种改善PVDF膜性能的有效方法.
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