碳纳米管(CNTs)因具有独特的物理化学及电化学性质,如较大的比表面积、较强的电子转移能力和良好的吸附性能等而引起人们的广泛关注.碳纳米管可以通过物理吸附、静电或疏水作用等非共价结合方式或共价连接方式固定生物大分子(如蛋白质、DNA、抗体等),有效地促进生物大分子与电极间直接、快速的电子转移,可应用于多种电化学生物传感器中.碳纳米管本身在近红外光区具有独特的荧光和拉曼光谱,可以利用多种光谱手段对多种生物分子实现定量检测,因此近年来碳纳米管在光化学生物传感器中的应用也逐渐受到了研究者的重视.本文对碳纳米管在电化学和光化学生物传感器中的应用进行了简要综述和展望.
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