介绍了一种聚砜纳米纤维增韧碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料的新方法.无规取向的纳米纤维通过静电纺丝直接将纳米纤维接收于碳纤维/环氧树脂预浸布上.实现增韧复合材料的目的.探讨了混合溶剂(丙酮、DMAC)配比和聚砜纺丝溶液浓度对纳米纤维直径及分布的影响,测试了不同含量的聚砜纳米纤维增韧复合材料的Ⅱ型层间断裂韧性(GⅡC),并同相等含量的聚砜溶剂法膜增韧复合材料性能进行了比较.在聚砜质量分数分别为1%、3%、5%的情况下,纳米纤维增韧复合材料的GⅡC分别增加54%、130%、177%,高于溶剂法膜增韧的复合材料.微观结构照片表明,纳米纤维增韧复合材料中,相分离后的聚砜小球贯穿于整个复合材料层间,而且呈现无规取向分布的海岛结构.增韧后复合材料的层间剪切强度(ILSS)都有略微的减小,溶剂法膜增韧后ILSS减小更明显.DMTA试验表明,与溶剂法膜相比较,纳米纤维与环氧树脂基体的相容性更好.
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