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综述了大气环境中金属腐蚀和涂层失效的机理、影响腐蚀失 效的各种因素及研究方法和手段，展望了研究前景.老化和涂层下金属腐蚀是引起涂层失效 两个重要的因素，老化为自由基机理，涂层下金属腐蚀为电化学反应机理.影响腐蚀失效的 各种因素包括涂层性能、气体污染物、基体金属上可溶盐污染、基体金属表面状态和处理等 .研究方法主要有电化学方法和光谱学方法，电化学方法中最主要的是电化学阻抗法，较新 的是Kelvin扫描电极；光谱学方法包括红外光谱、激光拉曼光谱等.现代采用多种方法综合 研究，并且倾向于使用原位在线测量技术.

Underfilm corrosion of metals and failure of or gani c coatings in atmosphere are of great interesting and practical meaning.Weatheri ng and underfilm corrosion are the two most important factors which cause failur e of organic coatings.The mechanism of weathering is generally considered to be radical reaction initiated by photon while the mechanism of underfilm corrosion, to be electrochemical reaction.The factors affecting the corrosion and failure i nclude property of the coating,air pollutant,contamination of soluble salts on m etal substrate,surface condition and treating of substrate,and so on.The researc hing approaches are mainly electrochemical methods including DC and AC methods,a nd spectroscopy.Of the electrochemical methods,the electrochemical impedance spe ctroscopy (EIS) is the most important and widely used,and the Kelvin scanning pr obe is a new and promising method.Spectroscopy includes infrared spectroscopy an d Raman spectroscopy.Nowadays it is common to use these methods coordinately and to carry out in situ on-line measurements.The present paper reviews the above a spects.