尾矿坝坝体材料的物理力学特性因毛细作用会发生较大变化，这种变化势必影响尾矿坝的安全稳定状态。为此，开展了尾矿坝现场取样、室内毛细水上升测试等研究工作。结果表明，尾矿砂中毛细水的上升规律呈初期迅速而后期缓慢的变化趋势，这是其受多种作用力的共同作用所致。毛细水在短时间内就能上升到较大高度，前3天的毛细水上升高度约为最终上升高度的50%以上，之后毛细水持续缓慢上升直至稳定。这表明尾矿坝内毛细水将随浸润线的升高而迅速升高，从而影响尾矿砂的物理力学性质，进而可能在短期内影响尾矿坝的稳定性。采用幂函数对该金属矿山尾矿坝尾矿砂中毛细水随时间的变化关系进行了拟合，获得了毛细水上升规律计算式。
The influence of capillary water on the physical and mechanical properties of dam materials of tailings dam is great, which will affect on the stability of tailings dam. Therefore, in-situ sampling and laboratory rising tests were carried out to study the rising law of capillary water in a tailings dam of a metal mine. The results show that the tendency of rising velocity of capillary water is fast increasing then decreasing, which is caused by combined action of several forces. The rising height of the capillary water in early 3 days is above 50% of the final rising height and keeps on increasing until stable. This indicate that capillary water will rise rapidly with the increase of phreatic level of tailings dam, which can impact the physical and mechanical properties of tailings sand and influence the stability of the tailings dam in a short time. The relation between rising height of capillary water and time can be better fitted by the power function, and the calculation equations are obtained.
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