介绍了磁致冷材料磁热效应的表征方法,概述了国内外各温度区间磁致冷材料的研究进展.在20 K以下温区,磁致冷材料研究主要集中在具有高导热率、低点阵热容和极低有序化温度的石榴石,如Gd3Ga5O12(GGG),Dy3Al5O12(DAG),Gd3Ga5-xFexO12(GGIG)及Er基磁致冷材料;20 K~77 K温度区间,磁致冷材料研究主要集中在重稀土金属间化合物中,如(Dy1-xErx)Al2复合材料等;在室温附近,具有大磁热效应的磁致冷材料以稀土Gd, Gd5(SixGe1-x)4(0≤x≤0.5)和MnFeP1-xAsx(0.15≤x≤0.66)合金为代表,特别是Gd5Si2Ge2(TC=274 K)和MnFeP0.45As0.55(TC=300 K)合金,在磁场5 T下具有巨磁热效应,是Gd的2倍以上.总结了各温度区间磁致冷材料的选择依据.重点评述了室温磁致冷材料的最新研究成果,展望了室温磁致冷材料的发展前景.
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