采用超临界CO2辅助挤出的方法,在双螺杆挤出机上制备了聚乳酸(PLA)/粘土纳米复合材料.采用旋转流变仪、透射电镜和力学性能测试对复合材料的流变、结构和性能进行了表征,分析超临界CO2对流变、形态和性能的影响.流变测试结果表明,纳米复合材料的复数黏度和储能模量均高于纯PLA,且表现出类固行为.透射电镜照片显示在加工流场中引入超临界CO2可使粘土在PLA基体中分散得更均匀.复合材料在拉伸过程中表现出屈服行为,断裂伸长率和拉伸强度分别从纯PLA的9.29%、41.60 MPa提高到气体注入量为7%(质量分数,下同)时的24.74%、51.70 MPa;无缺口冲击强度比纯PLA稍高.
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