TiAl合金密度小、高温性能优异,自20世纪50年代以来已发展到第三代。介绍了TiAl合金的性能特点、发展历程,真空感应熔炼、真空自耗电弧熔炼、等离子冷床炉熔炼等熔炼TiAl合金方法的优缺点,以及国内外TiAl合金的制备情况;提出TiAl合金熔炼过程中存在的问题主要是宏观与微观偏析,应从原料加入方式、原料纯度及熔炼工艺等方面进行改进;此外,对TiAl合金在航空航天、汽车工业等领域的应用现状进行了概括,指出TiAl合金近期的研究重点是大尺寸铸锭的均匀化控制。
TiAl alloy has low density and good performance at high temperature , and has developed to the third gener-ation since the 1950 s.The performance feature , development process , preparation conditions at home and abroad , and the traditional melting methods ( vacuum induction melting , vacuum arc melting and plasma melting ) of TiAl alloy were also introduced .Then the main problems in the smelting process of TiAl alloy were indicated to be macro segrega -tion and micro segregation , and should be improve through adding method and purity of raw material and melting process control .The application status of TiAl alloy in the fields of aviation , aerospace and automobile industry were summarized, and the development trend of TiAl alloy in the near future was homogenizing control of large size TiAl alloy ingots .
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