当前的电化学磷化研究忽视了材料表面粗糙度对膜层性能的影响.分别采用机械抛光和高能喷丸对Q235钢进行前处理,并在其表面制备电化学磷化膜;采用扫描电镜、X射线衍射、硫酸铜点滴、全浸泡和极化曲线等方法分析了电化学磷化膜的形貌、组成及耐蚀性.结果表明:粗糙度较小的抛光试样表面形成了块状结晶磷化膜,粗糙度较大的喷丸试样表面形成的电化学磷化膜为细针状结晶;与喷丸处理相比,抛光处理试样表面电化学磷化膜耐蚀性更好,其硫酸铜点滴时间、盐水全浸泡时间和极化电阻分别是喷丸试样的4.0,4.0和3.7倍;喷丸试样膜层主要有Zn3(PO4)2·4H2O、Zn2 Fe(PO4)2·4H2O和少量Fe相,而抛光试样中不存在Fe相,出现了耐蚀性更好的Zn3 (PO4)2·2H2O相.
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